Shibuya Tengai

A comedic actor. His real name was Shibuya Kazuo. He was born in Gion, Kyoto. His father, the first Shibuya Tengai (1872-1916, real name Shibuya Hiroki), was one of the pioneers of Osaka comedy, forming the comedy troupe Rakuten-kai with Nakajima Rakuo, a man of rakugo background, in the year 1906 when the second Tengai was born. As a result of this connection, he made his debut at the Meijiza Theater in Tokyo at the age of eight. After working with the Shiganoya Tankai troupe, he formed the Shochiku Katei Gekijo with Soganoya Jugo in 1928 (Showa 3), and took on the name of the second Tengai the following year. While performing on stage with light-hearted acting that was true to his witty personality, he also wrote countless scripts under pen names such as Tate Naoshi. After the Second World War, in 1948 (Showa 23), he founded Shochiku Shinkigeki (now Shinsei Shochiku Shinkigeki), and as a central figure, he was active in broadcasting and film, and also helped develop Fujiyama Kanbi into a star, becoming a driving force in spreading Osaka comedy nationwide. His representative scripts include "Katsura Harudanji," "Hana Zakuro," and "Gin no Kanzashi," and his books include "Warautokunahare" and "Waga Kigeki." In 1992 (Heisei 4), the son of the second Tengai (real name Shibuya Kisaku, 1954- ) took over the stage name as the third.

[Soya Mukai]

Source: Shogakukan Encyclopedia Nipponica About Encyclopedia Nipponica Information | Legend

喜劇俳優。本名渋谷(しぶたに)一雄。京都市祇園(ぎおん)の生まれ。父初代渋谷天外（1872―1916。本名渋谷博喜智）は、2代目となる一雄の生まれた明治39年に落語出身の中島楽翁と喜劇団楽天会を結成した大阪喜劇草分けの一人。その関係で、8歳のとき東京・明治座で初舞台。志賀廼家淡海(しがのやたんかい)一座を経て、1928年（昭和3）曽我廼家十吾(そがのやじゅうご)と松竹家庭劇を結成、翌年2代目を襲名した。洒脱(しゃだつ)な人柄そのままの軽妙な演技で舞台に立つかたわら、館直志(たてなおし)ほかの筆名で数えきれないほどの脚本も書く。第二次世界大戦後の1948年（昭和23）には松竹新喜劇（現新生松竹新喜劇）を結成、その中心的存在として放送・映画にも活躍、また藤山寛美(かんび)をスターに育てるなど、大阪喜劇を全国的に広める原動力となった。脚本の代表作に『桂春団治(かつらはるだんじ)』『花ざくろ』『銀の簪(かんざし)』など、著書に『笑うとくなはれ』『わが喜劇』など。1992年（平成4）2代目天外の実子（本名渋谷喜作、1954―　）が3代目を襲名した。

［向井爽也］

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