ILC is a permanent body established by the UN General Assembly in 1947 for the "progressive development and codification of international law" as provided for in Article 13 of the UN Charter. Its headquarters are in Geneva. The ILC is composed of members elected by the UN General Assembly from a list of candidates nominated by member governments. However, each member is not a representative of his or her country of origin, but is to represent the major forms of civilization and the major legal systems as a whole. The number of members was initially 15, but was increased several times, and in 1981 the General Assembly passed a resolution to allocate the members by region, with 8 from Africa, 7 from Asia, 6 from Latin America, 3 from Eastern Europe, and 8 from Western Europe and elsewhere. One member from Africa or Eastern Europe and one from Asia or Latin America were added to this. The ILC has produced treaties on the law of the sea, diplomatic relations, and the law of treaties. Source: Encyclopaedia Britannica Concise Encyclopedia About Encyclopaedia Britannica Concise Encyclopedia Information |
略称 ILC。国連憲章第 13条が規定する「国際法の漸進的発達及び法典化」のために国連総会が 1947年に設立した常設機関。本部はジュネーブ。 ILCは,加盟国政府が指名した候補者のリストから国連総会が選挙する委員で構成される。しかし,各委員は出身国を代表する者ではなく,全体として文明の主要形態と主要な法体系を代表することになっている。委員の数は当初 15であったが,数次の増員があり,81年の総会決議で 34となった。このときの国連総会は,委員の地域別配分も決議しており,アフリカ8,アジア7,ラテンアメリカ6,東欧3,西欧その他8とした。これにアフリカまたは東欧から1,アジアまたはラテンアメリカから1が追加される。 ILCはこれまでに海洋法条約,外交関係条約,条約法条約などを生み出している。
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