…Generally, it refers to trade associations of merchants and industrialists in medieval and early modern Europe, but such trade associations are also widely seen in premodern Japan, China, Islamic societies, and India. In German, they are called Gilde, Zunft, and Innung, in French, compagnonnage, and in Italian, arte. In Japan, they are translated as trade associations or trade unions. … *Some of the terminology explanations that mention "Zunft" are listed below. Source | Heibonsha World Encyclopedia 2nd Edition | Information |
…一般的には中・近世ヨーロッパにおける商工業者の職種ごとの仲間団体をさすが,このような同職仲間的な団体は,広く前近代の日本,中国,イスラム社会,インドにもみられる。ドイツ語ではギルドGilde,ツンフトZunft,インヌングInnung,フランス語ではコンパニオナージュcompagnonnage,イタリア語ではアルテarteとよばれる。日本では,同職組合,同業組合と訳されている。… ※「Zunft」について言及している用語解説の一部を掲載しています。 出典|株式会社平凡社世界大百科事典 第2版について | 情報 |
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