The term political responsibility is used in two ways: as the duties that leaders must perform, and as the criticism and sanctions that they should receive if they fail to fulfill those duties. The ideal of democratic politics is that politicians make specific promises during elections, fulfill them when they come to power, and if they fail to do so, they are held accountable by the people and removed from power. It is now common sense that the government should fully explain to the people what it is doing and for what purpose, and what means it is using, when implementing policies according to the needs of the time. This kind of responsibility is specifically called accountability. The emphasis on accountability is based on the idea that there must be an informed consent between the government and the people. Government leaders are obligated to fully explain the aims of their policies, their effects, and their costs in parliament and through the mass media. In this regard, it must be said that there are serious doubts about whether recent parliamentary debates have fulfilled accountability. (Jiro Yamaguchi, Professor, Hokkaido University / 2007) Source : "Chiezo" published by Asahi Shimbun Publications Co., Ltd. About Chiezo |
政治責任という言葉には、為政者がなすべき任務という面とその任務を果たさなかった際に受けるべき非難、制裁という面の2つの使われ方がある。政治家が選挙の際に具体的な約束をし、権力の座に就いたらそれを全うし、仮にできなければ国民から責任を追及され、権力の座から放逐されるという形で国民が政治を統御することが、民主政治の理想である。その時々の必要に応じて政策を進める際にも、政府は国民に対して何のためにどのような手段を用いて行動するかを十分に説明するべきだという考え方が今や常識となっている。そのような責任を特に説明責任(アカウンタビリティー)と呼ぶ。説明責任の重視は、政府と国民の間に、情報提供に基づく合意(インフォームド・コンセント)が必要だという理念に基づいている。政府の指導者は、議会において、マスメディアを通して、政策の狙いやその効果と費用について十分説明する義務を負う。その点で、最近の国会論議が説明責任を果たしているかどうか、大いに疑問といわねばならない。
(山口二郎 北海道大学教授 / 2007年) 出典 (株)朝日新聞出版発行「知恵蔵」知恵蔵について 情報 |
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