Hekiganroku

A Buddhist book from the Song Dynasty in China. Ten volumes. Xuedou Chongxian (980-1054) of the Yunmen sect, one of the five schools of Chinese Zen, collected 100 ancient koans, mainly from Zhaozhou Congxiang and Yunmen Wenyan, and added hymns to them in the Xuedou Songgu Collection, to which Engo Kokugon (1063-1135) of the Rinzai sect added commentary. In ancient times it was called the Hekiganshu. It is the first collection of Zen koans, and has been published many times since its creation. The oldest extant work is the one published by Zhang Mingyuan in 1300 (the 4th year of the reign of Emperor Daitoku), but it is known from prefaces and other sources that there were earlier publications. In particular, the Hekigan Hakankyakusetsu (One Night of the Blue Rock), currently housed at Daijoji Temple in Kanazawa, is said to have been copied in one night by Eihei Dogen, who had been in Song China, with the help of Hakusan Gongen when he returned to Japan, and is a valuable work that conveys the old form of the Hekiganshu. In Japan as well, many books of proposals and lectures have been produced throughout the ages, among which the most representative are Daichi Jittō's "Hekiganshu Shudensho," Kiyo Hōshū's "Hekiganroku Fujisho," Daikō Genko's "Hekigan Daikōsho," and Ban'an Eishū's "Hekiganrokusho."

[Masayuki Nagai]

"The Hekiganroku Lecture Series, by Kato Todo, 15 volumes (1939, Heibonsha)" ▽ "The Complete Works of World Classical Literature 36B: Zen Sayings II, edited by Nishitani Keiji and Yanagida Seizan, 1974, Chikuma Shobo" ▽ "The Hekiganroku, translated and annotated by Asahina Sogen, 3 volumes (Iwanami Bunko)" ▽ "Zen Sayings 15: Xuedou Songko, edited by Iriya Yoshitaka, Kajitani Sonin and Yanagida Seizan, 1981, Chikuma Shobo" ▽ "Lecture Series on Buddhist Scriptures 29: The Hekiganshu, by Hirata Takashi, 1982, Daizo Shuppan"

Source: Shogakukan Encyclopedia Nipponica About Encyclopedia Nipponica Information | Legend

中国、宋(そう)代の仏書。10巻。中国禅宗五家の一、雲門宗の雪竇重顕(せっちょうじゅうけん)（980―1054）が、趙州従諗(じょうしゅうじゅうしん)や雲門文偃(うんもんぶんえん)を中心とする古則公案百則を集めて頌(じゅ)を付した『雪竇頌古(じゅこ)』に、臨済(りんざい)宗の圜悟克勤(えんごこくごん)（1063―1135）が自在に評釈を加えた書。古くは『碧巌集』という。禅の公案集として第一のもので、成立して以後、数多くの刊行がある。現存のものでは、1300年（大徳4）の張明遠(ちょうめいえん)による刊本を最古とするが、付される序文などにより、それ以前の刊行のあったことが知られる。とくに現在、金沢市大乗寺に所蔵される『碧巌破関撃節(へきがんはかんきゃくせつ)』（『一夜碧巌』）は、入宋(にっそう)していた永平道元(えいへいどうげん)が帰朝に際して、白山権現(はくさんごんげん)の助力を得て、一夜にて書写したと伝えられるもので、『碧巌集』の古型を伝えて貴重である。日本でも各時代を通じて提唱本、講義本が多数成立したが、そのなかでも、大智実統(だいちじっとう)の『碧巌集種電鈔(しゅでんしょう)』、岐陽方秀(きようほうしゅう)の『碧巌録不二鈔(ふにしょう)』、大空玄虎(だいくうげんこ)の『碧巌大空鈔(だいくうしょう)』、万安英種(ばんなんえいしゅ)の『碧巌録鈔』などが代表的なものである。

［永井政之］

『加藤咄堂著『碧巌録大講座』全15冊（1939・平凡社）』▽『西谷啓治・柳田聖山編『世界古典文学全集36B　禅家語録Ⅱ』（1974・筑摩書房）』▽『朝比奈宗源訳註『碧巌録』全3冊（岩波文庫）』▽『入矢義高・梶谷宗忍・柳田聖山編『禅の語録15　雪竇頌古』（1981・筑摩書房）』▽『平田高士著『仏典講座29　碧巌集』（1982・大蔵出版）』

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