The term refers to the indirect rule of the medieval Russian principalities by the Golden Horde. It was used by later Russians to describe the 250 years from 1236-41, when the Mongol army invaded Russia, until 1480, when the Khan's army gave up its attack on Moscow, which it had occupied and plundered several times. The Russian word "yoke" comes from the Latin "jugum." The Mongol general Batu took the territory and people of the Golden Horde with him and established the new Golden Horde, the capital of Sarai, at the mouth of the Volga River. Source: Heibonsha World Encyclopedia, 2nd Edition Information |
キプチャク・ハーン国による中世のロシア諸公国の間接支配のこと。すなわち,1236‐41年にわたり,モンゴル軍がロシアを侵略した時から,1480年にハーン国軍が,それまで何度か占領・略奪を繰り返してきたモスクワの都に迫りながら,攻撃を断念して兵を引き揚げた時までの約250年間を,後世のロシア人が形容した言葉。ロシア語のイーゴ(〈軛(くびき)〉の意)は,ラテン語のjugumに由来する。 モンゴル将軍バトゥは,征服したキプチャク・ハーンの国土と人民をしたがえ,ボルガ河口にサライの都をつくって新たにキプチャク・ハーン国を建設した。
出典 株式会社平凡社世界大百科事典 第2版について 情報 |
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