Spider monkey - Kumozaru (English spelling)

Japanese: クモザル - くもざる(英語表記)spider monkey
Spider monkey - Kumozaru (English spelling)

A general term for animals in the genus Ateles, family Capuchin monkeys, order Primates, class Mammalia. Members of this genus Ateles have slender bodies, elongated limbs, and long tails with strong prehensile power. When hanging from a branch by its limbs and tail, they look like a spider, hence the name. They are extremely adept at crossing branches using their limbs and tail. They are also adept at walking on two legs. Their thumbs are degenerate. They are large among the Capuchin family, with some weighing as much as 11 kilograms. Their head and body length is about 60 centimeters, and their tail length is 80-90 centimeters. They are widely distributed from southern Mexico and Central America to almost the entire Amazon basin, and also along the eastern foothills of the Andes. The classification of the genus Ateles has not yet been established. They are usually divided into four species: A. paniscus , A. belzebuth , A. fuscicepus , and A. geoffroyi , but some argue that they should be combined into one species. They feed primarily on fruit. A social unit consists of 20-30 individuals, sometimes more, but this unit is usually divided into several smaller groups. It has been revealed that they have a patrilineal structure in which only females move between unit groups. The home range of a unit group can be large, covering an area of ​​4-5 square kilometers.

[Nishimura Akitatsu]

Major species of monkeys (Capuchin monkeys) [specimen drawing]
©Kimura Shuji ">

Major species of monkeys (Capuchin monkeys) [Specimens...


Source: Shogakukan Encyclopedia Nipponica About Encyclopedia Nipponica Information | Legend

Japanese:

哺乳(ほにゅう)綱霊長目オマキザル科クモザル属に含まれる動物の総称。この属Atelesの仲間は、ほっそりした体、細長い四肢、把握力の強い長い尾をもつ。四肢と尾で枝にぶら下がった姿がクモのようにみえるのがその名の由来である。四肢と尾を用いてきわめて巧みに枝渡りをする。二足歩行も巧みである。手の親指は退化している。オマキザル科のなかでは大形で、体重11キログラムのものが知られている。頭胴長約60センチメートル、尾長80~90センチメートル。メキシコ南部、中央アメリカからアマゾン流域のほぼ全体、さらにアンデス東麓(とうろく)にわたって広範に分布している。クモザル属の分類はまだ定着していない。普通はクロクモザルA. paniscus、ケナガクモザルA. belzebuth、チャアタマクモザルA. fuscicepus、チュウベイクモザルA. geoffroyiの4種に分けるが、これらを1種にまとめるべきだとの意見もある。果実を主食とする。20~30頭、ときにはそれ以上の個体が一つの社会単位をつくっているが、この単位は通常はいくつもの小さな集団に分かれている。単位集団間を雌だけが移動する父系の構造をもつことが明らかにされている。単位集団の行動域は広く、4~5平方キロメートルにも及ぶ。

[西邨顕達]

サルのおもな種類(オマキザル類)〔標本画〕
©木村しゅうじ">

サルのおもな種類(オマキザル類)〔標本…


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