A general term for volcanic and intrusive igneous rocks that are composed of more than 50% carbonate minerals [Tuttle & Gittens: 1966]. The most common carbonatites are sovites, which are calcite carbonatites. Others contain dolomite or siderite, or alkaline carbonate minerals. The structure is generally granular, but rarely overlapping trachytic or comb-like. Carbonatites were first described by the Englishman Bowes in 1884 as dyke-like carbonate rocks in the Deccan Plateau, and were later recognized as carbonatites. Brögger named carbonate-rich rocks in the Fen region of southwestern Norway carbonatites associated with alkaline igneous rocks, and claimed that they were igneous rocks [Brögger: 1921]. Breger believed that the brecciated granitic rocks on the outside of the carbonatite-producing Fen ring complex were formed by metasomatic alteration, and named them fenites. Source: Asakura Publishing Dictionary of Petrology Information |
火山岩および貫入火成岩で50%以上の主成分が炭酸塩鉱物である岩石の総称[Tuttle & Gittens : 1966].最も普通のカーボナタイトはソーヴ岩(sovite)で,これは方解石カーボナタイトである.他にドロマイトまたはシデライト,またはアルカリ炭酸塩鉱物を含むものがある.構造は一般に粒状で,まれに粗面岩状または櫛状に重なるものがある.カーボナタイトは英国のボーズが1884年にデカン高原の岩脈状の炭酸塩質岩石を記載したのが最初であって,後にこれはカーボナタイトと認められた.ブレガーはノルウェー西南部のフェン地方の炭酸塩に富む岩石で,アルカリ火成岩に伴うものにカーボナタイトと命名し,火成岩であることを主張した[Brögger : 1921].ブレガーはカーボナタイトを産するフェン地方の環状複合岩体の外側の角礫岩化した花崗岩質の岩石を交代作用による変質作用で形成された岩石と考え,これをフェン岩(fenite)と命名した. 出典 朝倉書店岩石学辞典について 情報 |
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