The horizon is the theoretical limit of what can be observed in an expanding universe. As the universe expands (→Expansion of the Universe), the wavelength of light emitted from distant objects is stretched (→Redshift). The position where the wavelength becomes infinite, that is, the distance that a celestial object at that position moves away from us at the speed of light, is the horizon. The position of the horizon varies depending on the model of the universe. In the currently accepted Friedmann universe, the horizon is the frontier that light emitted at the time when the universe began to expand can reach today. We can observe celestial objects near the horizon using optical and radio telescopes. The most distant quasars are moving away from us at 91% of the speed of light. Also, the cosmic microwave background radiation observed by radio waves is the light left over from a cosmic explosion, and it may be said that we are observing the horizon of the universe. (→Origin and Evolution of the Universe) Source: Encyclopaedia Britannica Concise Encyclopedia About Encyclopaedia Britannica Concise Encyclopedia Information |
膨張宇宙において理論上の観測可能な限界曲面をいう。宇宙が膨張する (→宇宙の膨張 ) ために遠方の天体から放出された光は波長が伸びる (→赤方偏移 ) 。波長が無限大になる位置,つまり,その位置にある天体が光速度でわれわれから遠ざかる距離が地平線である。地平線の位置は,どういう宇宙モデルをとるかによって異なる。現在一般に認められているフリードマン宇宙を考えると,地平線は,宇宙膨張開始の時刻に放出された光が現在達しうる最前線をいうことになる。光学および電波望遠鏡を使って地平線近くの天体を観測することができる。クエーサーのうち,最も遠方にあるものは光速の 91%の速度でわれわれから遠ざかっている。また,電波によって観測される宇宙背景放射は,宇宙爆発の名残りの光であり,宇宙の地平線を観測しているのだといってもよいかもしれない。 (→宇宙の起源と進化 )
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